Preserving capacity, General Tom Lawson, Chief of the Defence Staff, Keys to Canadian SAR
Issue link: http://vanguardcanada.uberflip.com/i/622654
Owner: Government of Canada Operator: Canadian Coast Guard Builder: Seaspan Marine Corporation Cost: C$720 million (2008 budget) C$1.3 billion (2013 budget) In service: 2017 (initial plan) 2020s (current estimate) Displacement: 23,500 tonnes Length: 150.1 m Beam: 28 m Draught: 10.5 m Depth: 13.5 m Ice class: Polar Class 2 Icebreaker(+)[2] Installed power: Six diesel engines, 39,600 kW (combined) Propulsion: Diesel-electric; two shafts (2 × 11 MW) and one azimuth thruster (12 MW) Speed: 20 knots (37 km/h) (max) 12 knots (22 km/h) (cruise) 3 knots (5.6 km/h) (ice) Range: Over 26,200 nautical miles (48,500 km) in Sea State 3 Endurance: 25 days (full power) 270 days (logistical) Crew: 60 (core crew) 40 (program personnel) Aircraft carried: Two medium-lift helicopters Aviation facilities: Helipad and hangar John G. diefenbaker MaJor icebreakers of the World d dashboard www.vanguardcanada.com DECEMBER 2015/JANUARY 2016 11 An electronic copy of the most current chart is located at: Updated: KEY Vessels were selected and organized based on their installed power measured in Brake Horse Power (BHP). Vessels with less than 10,000 BHP were not considered to be capable of Data derived from various sources 21 May 2015 Unavailable N N Nuclear Power B B Designed for Baltic use Government owned or operated Been to the North Pole* NOTES http://www.uscg.mil/hq/cg5/cg552/ice.asp COLOR GUIDE 45,000 BHP Power Plant Name 20,000 BHP < 45,000 BHP Power Plant Name 10,000 BHP < 20,000 BHP Power Plant Name Under Construction Name (anticpated completion) Planned Name (anticpated completion) Direct Questions and Comments to: CDR Eric Peace- 202 372-1540 e-mail: eric.d.peace@uscg.mil LATVIA Varma B (1) NORWAY Svalbard (2002) Polar Research Vessel (Estimated 2015) (1) + 1 planned Agulhas II (2012) SOUTH AFRICA (1) SOUTH KOREA Araon (2009) (1) JAPAN Shirase (2009) (1) GERMANY Polarstern (1982) Polar Research Vessel (Estimated 2016) (1) + 1 planned ESTONIA Tarmo (1963) B (2) Botnica (1998) CHILE Almirante Oscar Viel (1967) (1) AUSTRALIA Aurora Australis (1990) (1) ARGENTINA Almirante Irizar (estimate return 2013) (1) Polar Support Vessel (Estimated 2016) Xue Long (1993) (1) CHINA + 1 planned DENMARK Njord Viking (2011) B Loke Viking (2011) B Magne Viking (2011) B Brage Viking (2012) B (4) Nathaniel B. Palmer (1992) Polar Star (1976 refit 2013) Polar Sea Aiviq (2012) Healy (2000) USA (5) Louis st. Laurent ) Terry Fox (1983) John G.Diefenbaker (TBD) Henry Larsen (1988) Des Groseilliers (1983) Pierre Radisson (1978) Amundsen CANADA (6) + 1 planned Voima B Urho (1975) B Sisu (1976) B Otso (1986) B Kontio (1987) B Fennica (1993) Nordica (1994) FINLAND (7) + 1 planned Tor Viking II (2011) Balder Viking (2011) Vidar Viking (2001) Frej (1975) B B Ymer (1977) Atle (1974) B Oden (1989) SWEDEN (6) SCF Sakhalin (2005) Vasiliy Golovnin (1988) Akademik Fedorov (1987) Ikaluk (1983) Smit Sakhalin (1983) Magadan (1982) Dudinka (1970) Dikson (1983) Mudyug (1982) Tor (1964) Kigoriak (1977) Murmansk (2015) R-70202 (2015) R-70202 (2015) R-70202 (2016) LK-16 #1 (2015) B LK-16 #2 (2015) B Vitus Bering (2013) Alexey Chirikov (2013) Viktor Chernomyrdin (2017) Varanda (2008) (2006) (2006) (2006) Kapitan Dranitsyn Vladimir Ignatyuk Kapitan Khlebnikov (1981) Krasin (1976) Admiral Makarov (1975) Akademik Tryoshnikov (2011) Kapitan Nikolayev (1978) Kapitan Sorokin Yermak (1974) St. Petersburg (2008) B Moskva (2007) B Vladislav Strizhov (2006) Yuri Topchev (2006) LK-16 #3 (2015) B L-110 (Estimated 2017) N L-60 ( 2017) N N L-60 (Estimated 2019) N L-60 (Estimated 2020) Taymyr (1989) N Vaygach (1990) N Yamal (1993) N Rossiya N Sovetskiy Soyuz N 50 Let Pobedy (2007) N RUSSIA (41) + 5 under construction + 6 planned MAJOR ICEBREAKERS OF THE WORLD M A R I N E TR A N S P O R A T I ON S T Y S T E M S U N I T E D S T A T E S C O A S T G UA R D E N N E SE * Courtesy of Robert K. Headland – Scott Polar Research Institute USCG Polar Icebreaker (TBD) + 1 planned Polar Pevek (2006) (1983) (2016) UNITED KINGDOM + 1 planned The Coast Guard Office of Waterways and Ocean Policy (CG-WWM) began producing the chart of major icebreakers of the world in July 2010. Since then, we have gathered icebreaker information and recommendations from a variety of sources and experts, including icebreaker subject-matter experts, internet posts, news updates, Arctic experts and Coast Guard offices with icebreaker equities. We validate our information within the public forum and update the chart at least semi-annually based on new information and feedback. This chart represents the Coast Guard's current factual understanding of the major icebreaker fleet. This chart is not intended for icebreaker fleet comparisons and no inference should be drawn regarding a country's icebreaker "ranking" against another. Scope. Vessels meeting the general definition of a polar icebreaker per the 2007 National Research Council report on Polar Icebreakers in a Changing World are included. These vessels "have sailed in significant sea ice in either the Arctic or the Antarctic," have "ice strengthening sufficient for polar ice" and possess "installed power of at least 10,000 horsepower." Minimally ice-strengthened ships (enough to survive in ice, rather than operate in it) and icebreakers of less than 10,000 horsepower are not included. With the exception of the Baltic icebreakers, this chart does not indicate where their owners may actually operate them. In addition, the chart does not specify whether a vessel's crew is civilian or military. Classification Methodology: The chart organizes the icebreakers first by country, then by installed power category, and finally in order of placement in service, youngest to oldest. The chart colors icebreakers by their relative capability estimated using brake horsepower as the most common basis. The most capable icebreakers are black, the next level sea-green and the lightest icebreakers are blue. Icebreakers in construction are colored yellow, and planned icebreakers are white. Planned icebreakers are placed on the chart if we can reliably state they are funded. The chart identifies government-owned or -operated icebreakers with the country's flag next to the icebreaker. Nuclear-powered icebreakers are marked with an N. Baltic icebreakers designed to operate solely in seasonal, first-year Baltic Sea ice but meeting the ice-strengthening and horsepower criteria are marked on the chart with a B. Most Baltic icebreakers may not have operated in the Arctic due to concerns with open-ocean sea-keeping ability for open water transits. Fleet numbers and Icebreaker Size in Context. The fleet numbers and icebreaker size tend to align along each county's economic necessity for icebreaker resources. For example, the economies of Finland, Russia and Sweden have greater dependence on major icebreakers to pursue economic goals in the Arctic and Baltic winters than the economies of other nations. Also, ice in these countries' shipping lanes, rivers and ports forms earlier, lasts longer, and requires more power to break, requiring more extensive icebreaking capabilities. Similarly, the Canadian icebreaker fleet supports summer access and supply to Canada's Arctic communities. In contrast, in addition to the polar icebreakers already listed, the U.S has a number of icebreakers operating in the Great Lakes, New England and the mid-Atlantic to facilitate commerce and for exigent circumstances, but these are not listed in this chart because the icebreakers are not required to meet the threshold of at least 10,000 BHP. Major Icebreakers of the World Explanatory Piece Polar Research Vessel (TBD) Developed and maintained by USCG Office of Waterways and Ocean Policy (CG-WWM) NB 510 Polar Support Vessel (2019) + 1 planned Smit Sibu (1983) Baltika (2013) An electronic copy of the most current chart is located at: Updated: KEY Vessels were selected and organized based on their installed power measured in Brake Horse Power (BHP). Vessels with less than 10,000 BHP were not considered to be capable of Data derived from various sources 21 May 2015 Unavailable N N Nuclear Power B B Designed for Baltic use Government owned or operated Been to the North Pole* NOTES http://www.uscg.mil/hq/cg5/cg552/ice.asp COLOR GUIDE 45,000 BHP Power Plant Name 20,000 BHP < 45,000 BHP Power Plant Name 10,000 BHP < 20,000 BHP Power Plant Name Under Construction Name (anticpated completion) Planned Name (anticpated completion) Direct Questions and Comments to: CDR Eric Peace- 202 372-1540 e-mail: eric.d.peace@uscg.mil Varma B NORWAY Svalbard (2002) Polar Research Vessel (Estimated 2015) Agulhas II (2012) AFRICA KOREA Araon (2009) Shirase (2009) GERMANY Polarstern (1982) Polar Research Vessel (Estimated 2016) ESTONIA Tarmo (1963) B Botnica (1998) Almirante Oscar Viel (1967) AUSTRALIA Aurora Australis (1990) ARGENTINA Almirante Irizar (estimate return 2013) Polar Support Vessel (Estimated 2016) Xue Long (1993) DENMARK Njord Viking (2011) B Loke Viking (2011) B Magne Viking (2011) B Brage Viking (2012) B Nathaniel B. Palmer (1992) Polar Star (1976 refit 2013) Polar Sea Aiviq (2012) Healy (2000) Louis st. Laurent ) Terry Fox (1983) John G.Diefenbaker (TBD) Henry Larsen (1988) Des Groseilliers (1983) Pierre Radisson (1978) Amundsen CANADA Voima B Urho (1975) B Sisu (1976) B Otso (1986) B Kontio (1987) B Fennica (1993) Nordica (1994) FINLAND Tor Viking II (2011) Balder Viking (2011) Vidar Viking (2001) Frej (1975) B B Ymer (1977) Atle (1974) B Oden (1989) SWEDEN SCF Sakhalin (2005) Vasiliy Golovnin (1988) Akademik Fedorov (1987) Ikaluk (1983) Smit Sakhalin (1983) Magadan (1982) Dudinka (1970) Dikson (1983) Mudyug (1982) Tor (1964) Kigoriak (1977) Murmansk (2015) R-70202 (2015) R-70202 (2015) R-70202 (2016) LK-16 #1 (2015) B LK-16 #2 (2015) B Viktor Chernomyrdin (2017) (2006) (2006) (2006) Kapitan Dranitsyn Vladimir Ignatyuk Kapitan Khlebnikov (1981) Krasin (1976) Admiral Makarov (1975) Kapitan Nikolayev (1978) Kapitan Sorokin Yermak (1974) LK-16 #3 (2015) B * Courtesy of Robert K. Headland – Scott Polar Research Institute USCG Polar Icebreaker (TBD) Polar Pevek (2006) (1983) (2016) KINGDOM The Coast Guard Office of Waterways and Ocean Policy (CG-WWM) began producing the chart of major icebreakers of the world in July 2010. Since then, we have gathered icebreaker information and recommendations from a variety of sources and experts, including icebreaker subject-matter experts, internet posts, news updates, Arctic experts and Coast Guard offices with icebreaker equities. We validate our information within the public forum and update the chart at least semi-annually based on new information and feedback. This chart represents the Coast Guard's current factual understanding of the major icebreaker fleet. This chart is not intended for icebreaker fleet comparisons and no inference should be drawn regarding a country's icebreaker "ranking" against another. Scope. Vessels meeting the general definition of a polar icebreaker per the 2007 National Research Council report on Polar Icebreakers in a Changing World are included. These vessels "have sailed in significant sea ice in either the Arctic or the Antarctic," have "ice strengthening sufficient for polar ice" and possess "installed power of at least 10,000 horsepower." Minimally ice-strengthened ships (enough to survive in ice, rather than operate in it) and icebreakers of less than 10,000 horsepower are not included. With the exception of the Baltic icebreakers, this chart does not indicate where their owners may actually operate them. In addition, the chart does not specify whether a vessel's crew is civilian or military. Classification Methodology: The chart organizes the icebreakers first by country, then by installed power category, and finally in order of placement in service, youngest to oldest. The chart colors icebreakers by their relative capability estimated using brake horsepower as the most common basis. The most capable icebreakers are black, the next level sea-green and the lightest icebreakers are blue. Icebreakers in construction are colored yellow, and planned icebreakers are white. Planned icebreakers are placed on the chart if we can reliably state they are funded. The chart identifies government-owned or -operated icebreakers with the country's flag next to the icebreaker. Nuclear-powered icebreakers are marked with an N. Baltic icebreakers designed to operate solely in seasonal, first-year Baltic Sea ice but meeting the ice-strengthening and horsepower criteria are marked on the chart with a B. Most Baltic icebreakers may not have operated in the Arctic due to concerns with open-ocean sea-keeping ability for open water transits. Fleet numbers and Icebreaker Size in Context. The fleet numbers and icebreaker size tend to align along each county's economic necessity for icebreaker resources. Major Icebreakers of the World Explanatory Piece NB 510 Polar Support Vessel (2019) planned Smit Sibu (1983) Baltika (2013) An electronic copy of the most current chart is located at: Updated: KEY Vessels were selected and organized based on their installed power measured in Brake Horse Power (BHP). Vessels with less than 10,000 BHP were not considered to be capable of Data derived from various sources 21 May 2015 Unavailable N N Nuclear Power B B Designed for Baltic use Government owned or operated Been to the North Pole* NOTES http://www.uscg.mil/hq/cg5/cg552/ice.asp COLOR GUIDE 45,000 BHP Power Plant Name 20,000 BHP < 45,000 BHP Power Plant Name 10,000 BHP < 20,000 BHP Power Plant Name Under Construction Name (anticpated completion) Planned Name (anticpated completion) Direct Questions and Comments to: CDR Eric Peace- 202 372-1540 e-mail: eric.d.peace@uscg.mil Varma B Svalbard (2002) Polar Research Vessel (Estimated 2015) Agulhas II (2012) Araon (2009) Shirase (2009) Polarstern (1982) Polar Research Vessel (Estimated 2016) Tarmo (1963) B Botnica (1998) Almirante Oscar Viel (1967) Aurora Australis (1990) Almirante Irizar (estimate return 2013) Polar Support Vessel (Estimated 2016) Xue Long (1993) Njord Viking (2011) B Loke Viking (2011) B Magne Viking (2011) B Brage Viking (2012) B Nathaniel B. Palmer (1992) Polar Star (1976 refit 2013) Polar Sea Aiviq (2012) Healy (2000) Louis st. Laurent ) Terry Fox (1983) John G.Diefenbaker (TBD) Henry Larsen (1988) Des Groseilliers (1983) Pierre Radisson (1978) Amundsen Voima B Urho (1975) B Sisu (1976) B Otso (1986) B Kontio (1987) B Fennica (1993) Nordica (1994) Tor Viking II (2011) Balder Viking (2011) Vidar Viking (2001) Frej (1975) B B Ymer (1977) Atle (1974) B Oden (1989) SCF Sakhalin (2005) Vasiliy Golovnin (1988) Akademik Fedorov (1987) Ikaluk (1983) Smit Sakhalin (1983) Magadan (1982) Dudinka (1970) Dikson (1983) Mudyug (1982) Tor (1964) Kigoriak (1977) Murmansk (2015) R-70202 (2015) R-70202 (2015) R-70202 (2016) LK-16 #1 (2015) B LK-16 #2 (2015) B Viktor Chernomyrdin (2017) (2006) (2006) (2006) Kapitan Dranitsyn Vladimir Ignatyuk Kapitan Khlebnikov (1981) Krasin (1976) Admiral Makarov (1975) Kapitan Nikolayev (1978) Kapitan Sorokin Yermak (1974) LK-16 #3 (2015) B * Courtesy of Robert K. Headland – Scott Polar Research Institute USCG Polar Icebreaker (TBD) Polar Pevek (2006) (1983) (2016) The Coast Guard Office of Waterways and Ocean Policy (CG-WWM) began producing the chart of major icebreakers of the world in July 2010. Since then, we have gathered icebreaker information and recommendations from a variety of sources and experts, including icebreaker subject-matter experts, internet posts, news updates, Arctic experts and Coast Guard offices with icebreaker equities. We validate our information within the public forum and update the chart at least semi-annually based on new information and feedback. This chart represents the Coast Guard's current factual understanding of the major icebreaker fleet. This chart is not intended for icebreaker fleet comparisons and no inference should be drawn regarding a country's icebreaker "ranking" against another. Scope. Vessels meeting the general definition of a polar icebreaker per the 2007 National Research Council report on Polar Icebreakers in a Changing World are included. These vessels "have sailed in significant sea ice in either the Arctic or the Antarctic," have "ice strengthening sufficient for polar ice" and possess "installed power of at least 10,000 horsepower." Minimally ice-strengthened ships (enough to survive in ice, rather than operate in it) and icebreakers of less than 10,000 horsepower are not included. With the exception of the Baltic icebreakers, this chart does not indicate where their owners may actually operate them. In addition, the chart does not specify whether a vessel's crew is civilian or military. Classification Methodology: The chart organizes the icebreakers first by country, then by installed power category, and finally in order of placement in service, youngest to oldest. The chart colors icebreakers by their relative capability estimated using brake horsepower as the most common basis. The most capable icebreakers are black, the next level sea-green and the lightest icebreakers are blue. Icebreakers in construction are colored yellow, and planned icebreakers are white. Planned icebreakers are placed on the chart if we can reliably state they are funded. The chart identifies government-owned or -operated icebreakers with the country's flag next to the icebreaker. Nuclear-powered icebreakers are marked with an N. Baltic icebreakers designed to operate solely in seasonal, first-year Baltic Sea ice but meeting the ice-strengthening and horsepower criteria are marked on the chart with a B. Most Baltic icebreakers may not have operated in the Arctic due to concerns with open-ocean sea-keeping ability for open water transits. Major Icebreakers of the World Explanatory Piece NB 510 Polar Support Vessel (2019) Smit Sibu (1983) Baltika (2013) An electronic copy of the most current chart is located at: Updated: KEY Vessels were selected and organized based on their installed power measured in Brake Horse Power (BHP). Vessels with less than 10,000 BHP were not considered to be capable of Data derived from various sources 21 May 2015 Unavailable N N Nuclear Power B B Designed for Baltic use Government owned or operated Been to the North Pole* NOTES http://www.uscg.mil/hq/cg5/cg552/ice.asp COLOR GUIDE 45,000 BHP Power Plant Name 20,000 BHP < 45,000 BHP Power Plant Name 10,000 BHP < 20,000 BHP Power Plant Name Under Construction Name (anticpated completion) Planned Name (anticpated completion) Direct Questions and Comments to: CDR Eric Peace- 202 372-1540 e-mail: eric.d.peace@uscg.mil LATVIA Varma B (1) NORWAY Svalbard (2002) Polar Research Vessel (Estimated 2015) (1) 1 planned Agulhas II (2012) SOUTH AFRICA (1) SOUTH KOREA Araon (2009) (1) JAPAN Shirase (2009) (1) GERMANY Polarstern (1982) Polar Research Vessel (Estimated 2016) (1) 1 planned ESTONIA Tarmo (1963) B (2) Botnica (1998) CHILE Almirante Oscar Viel (1967) (1) AUSTRALIA Aurora Australis (1990) (1) ARGENTINA Almirante Irizar (estimate return 2013) (1) Polar Support Vessel (Estimated 2016) Xue Long (1993) (1) CHINA 1 planned DENMARK Njord Viking (2011) B Loke Viking (2011) B Magne Viking (2011) B Brage Viking (2012) B (4) Nathaniel B. Palmer (1992) Polar Star (1976 refit 2013) Polar Sea Aiviq (2012) Healy (2000) USA (5) Louis st. Laurent ) Terry Fox (1983) John G.Diefenbaker (TBD) Henry Larsen (1988) Des Groseilliers (1983) Pierre Radisson (1978) Amundsen CANADA (6) 1 planned Voima B Urho (1975) B Sisu (1976) B Otso (1986) B Kontio (1987) B Fennica (1993) Nordica (1994) FINLAND (7) 1 planned Tor Viking II (2011) Balder Viking (2011) Vidar Viking (2001) Frej (1975) B B Ymer (1977) Atle (1974) B Oden (1989) SWEDEN (6) SCF Sakhalin (2005) Vasiliy Golovnin (1988) Akademik Fedorov (1987) Ikaluk (1983) Smit Sakhalin (1983) Magadan (1982) Dudinka (1970) Dikson (1983) Mudyug (1982) Tor (1964) Kigoriak (1977) Murmansk (2015) R-70202 (2015) R-70202 (2015) R-70202 (2016) LK-16 #1 (2015) B LK-16 #2 (2015) B Vitus Bering (2013) Alexey Chirikov (2013) Viktor Chernomyrdin (2017) Varanda (2008) (2006) (2006) (2006) Kapitan Dranitsyn Vladimir Ignatyuk Kapitan Khlebnikov (1981) Krasin (1976) Admiral Makarov (1975) Akademik Tryoshnikov (2011) Kapitan Nikolayev (1978) Kapitan Sorokin Yermak (1974) St. Petersburg (2008) B Moskva (2007) B Vladislav Strizhov (2006) Yuri Topchev (2006) LK-16 #3 (2015) B L-110 (Estimated 2017) N L-60 ( 2017) N N L-60 (Estimated 2019) N L-60 (Estimated 2020) Taymyr (1989) N Vaygach (1990) N Yamal (1993) N Rossiya N Sovetskiy Soyuz N 50 Let Pobedy (2007) N RUSSIA (41) 5 under construction 6 planned MAJOR ICEBREAKERS OF THE WORLD M A R I N E TR A N S P O R A T I ON S T Y S T E M S U N I T E D S T A T E S C O A S T G UA R D E N N E SE * Courtesy of Robert K. Headland – Scott Polar Research Institute USCG Polar Icebreaker (TBD) 1 planned Polar Pevek (2006) (1983) (2016) The Coast Guard Office of Waterways and Ocean Policy (CG-WWM) began producing the chart of major icebreakers of the world in July 2010. Since then, we have gathered icebreaker information and recommendations from a variety of sources and experts, including icebreaker subject-matter experts, internet posts, news updates, Arctic experts and Coast Guard offices with icebreaker equities. We validate our information within the public forum and update the chart at least semi-annually based on new information and feedback. This chart represents the Coast Guard's current factual understanding of the major icebreaker fleet. This chart is not intended for icebreaker fleet comparisons and no inference should be drawn regarding a country's icebreaker "ranking" against another. Scope. Vessels meeting the general definition of a polar icebreaker per the 2007 National Research Council report on Polar Icebreakers in a Changing World are included. These vessels "have sailed in significant sea ice in either the Arctic or the Antarctic," have "ice strengthening sufficient for polar ice" and possess "installed power of at least 10,000 horsepower." Minimally ice-strengthened ships (enough to survive in ice, rather than operate in it) and icebreakers of less than 10,000 horsepower are not included. With the exception of the Baltic icebreakers, this chart does not indicate where their owners may actually operate them. In addition, the chart does not specify whether a vessel's crew is civilian or military. Classification Methodology: The chart organizes the icebreakers first by country, then by installed power category, and finally in order of placement in service, youngest to oldest. The chart colors icebreakers by their relative capability estimated using brake horsepower as the most common basis. The most capable icebreakers are black, the next level sea-green and the lightest icebreakers are blue. Icebreakers in construction are colored yellow, and planned icebreakers are white. Planned icebreakers are placed on the chart if we can reliably state they are funded. The chart identifies government-owned or -operated icebreakers with the country's flag next to the icebreaker. Nuclear-powered icebreakers are marked with an N. Baltic icebreakers designed to operate solely in seasonal, first-year Baltic Sea ice but meeting the ice-strengthening and horsepower criteria are marked on the chart with a B. Most Baltic icebreakers may not have operated in the Arctic due to concerns with open-ocean sea-keeping ability for Major Icebreakers of the World Explanatory Piece NB 510 Polar Support Vessel (2019) + 1 planned Smit Sibu (1983) Baltika (2013) An electronic copy of the most current chart is located at: Updated: KEY Vessels were selected and organized based on their installed power measured in Brake Horse Power (BHP). Vessels with less than 10,000 BHP were not considered to be capable of Data derived from various sources 21 May 2015 Unavailable N N Nuclear Power B B Designed for Baltic use Government owned or operated Been to the North Pole* NOTES http://www.uscg.mil/hq/cg5/cg552/ice.asp COLOR GUIDE 45,000 BHP Power Plant Name 20,000 BHP < 45,000 BHP Power Plant Name 10,000 BHP < 20,000 BHP Power Plant Name Under Construction Name (anticpated completion) Planned Name (anticpated completion) Direct Questions and Comments to: CDR Eric Peace- 202 372-1540 e-mail: eric.d.peace@uscg.mil Varma B Svalbard (2002) Polar Research Vessel (Estimated 2015) Agulhas II (2012) Araon (2009) Shirase (2009) Polarstern (1982) Polar Research Vessel (Estimated 2016) Tarmo (1963) B Botnica (1998) Almirante Oscar Viel (1967) Aurora Australis (1990) Almirante Irizar (estimate return 2013) Polar Support Vessel (Estimated 2016) Xue Long (1993) Njord Viking (2011) B Loke Viking (2011) B Magne Viking (2011) B Brage Viking (2012) B Nathaniel B. Palmer (1992) Polar Star (1976 refit 2013) Polar Sea Aiviq (2012) Healy (2000) Louis st. Laurent ) Terry Fox (1983) John G.Diefenbaker (TBD) Henry Larsen (1988) Des Groseilliers (1983) Pierre Radisson (1978) Amundsen Voima B Urho (1975) B Sisu (1976) B Otso (1986) B Kontio (1987) B Fennica (1993) Nordica (1994) Tor Viking II (2011) Balder Viking (2011) Vidar Viking (2001) Frej (1975) B B Ymer (1977) Atle (1974) B Oden (1989) SCF Sakhalin (2005) Vasiliy Golovnin (1988) Akademik Fedorov (1987) Ikaluk (1983) Smit Sakhalin (1983) Magadan (1982) Dudinka (1970) Dikson (1983) Mudyug (1982) Tor (1964) Kigoriak (1977) Murmansk (2015) R-70202 (2015) R-70202 (2015) R-70202 (2016) LK-16 #1 (2015) B LK-16 #2 (2015) B Vitus Bering (2013) Alexey Chirikov (2013) Viktor Chernomyrdin (2017) Varanda (2008) (2006) (2006) (2006) Kapitan Dranitsyn Vladimir Ignatyuk Kapitan Khlebnikov (1981) Krasin (1976) Admiral Makarov (1975) Akademik Tryoshnikov (2011) Kapitan Nikolayev (1978) Kapitan Sorokin Yermak (1974) St. Petersburg (2008) B Moskva (2007) B Vladislav Strizhov (2006) Yuri Topchev (2006) LK-16 #3 (2015) B L-110 (Estimated 2017) N L-60 ( 2017) N N L-60 (Estimated 2019) N L-60 (Estimated 2020) Taymyr (1989) N Vaygach (1990) N Yamal (1993) N Rossiya N Sovetskiy Soyuz N 50 Let Pobedy (2007) N MAJOR ICEBREAKERS OF THE WORLD M A R I N E TR A N S P O R A T I ON S T Y S T E M S U N I T E D S T A T E S C O A S T G UA R D E N N E SE * Courtesy of Robert K. Headland – Scott Polar Research Institute USCG Polar Icebreaker (TBD) Polar Pevek (2006) (1983) (2016) The Coast Guard Office of Waterways and Ocean Policy (CG-WWM) began producing the chart of major icebreakers of the world in July 2010. Since then, we have gathered icebreaker information and recommendations from a variety of sources and experts, including icebreaker subject-matter experts, internet posts, news updates, Arctic experts and Coast Guard offices with icebreaker equities. We validate our information within the public forum and update the chart at least semi-annually based on new information and feedback. This chart represents the Coast Guard's current factual understanding of the major icebreaker fleet. This chart is not intended for icebreaker fleet comparisons and no inference should be drawn regarding a country's icebreaker "ranking" against another. Scope. Vessels meeting the general definition of a polar icebreaker per the 2007 National Research Council report on Polar Icebreakers in a Changing World are included. These vessels "have sailed in significant sea ice in either the Arctic or the Antarctic," have "ice strengthening sufficient for polar ice" and possess "installed power of at least 10,000 horsepower." Minimally ice-strengthened ships (enough to survive in ice, rather than operate in it) and icebreakers of less than 10,000 horsepower are not included. With the exception of the Baltic icebreakers, this chart does not indicate where their owners may actually operate them. In addition, the chart does not specify whether a vessel's crew is civilian or military. Classification Methodology: The chart organizes the icebreakers first by country, then by installed power category, and finally in order of placement in service, youngest to oldest. The chart colors icebreakers by their relative capability estimated using brake horsepower as the most common basis. The most capable icebreakers are black, the next level sea-green and the lightest icebreakers are blue. Icebreakers in construction are colored yellow, and planned icebreakers are white. Planned icebreakers are placed on the chart if we can reliably state they are funded. The chart identifies government-owned or -operated icebreakers with the country's flag next to the icebreaker. Nuclear-powered icebreakers are marked with an N. Baltic icebreakers designed to operate solely in seasonal, first-year Baltic Sea ice but meeting the ice-strengthening and horsepower criteria are marked on the chart with a B. Most Baltic icebreakers may not have operated in the Arctic due to concerns with open-ocean sea-keeping ability for open water transits. Fleet numbers and Icebreaker Size in Context. The fleet numbers and icebreaker size tend to align along each county's economic necessity for icebreaker resources. For example, the economies of Finland, Russia and Sweden have greater dependence on major icebreakers to pursue economic goals in the Arctic and Baltic winters than the economies of other nations. Also, ice in these countries' shipping lanes, rivers and ports forms earlier, lasts longer, and requires more power to break, requiring more extensive icebreaking capabilities. Similarly, the Canadian icebreaker fleet supports summer access and supply to Canada's Arctic communities. In contrast, in addition to the polar icebreakers already listed, the U.S has a number of icebreakers operating in the Great Lakes, New England and the mid-Atlantic to facilitate commerce and for exigent circumstances, but these are not listed in this chart because the icebreakers are not required to meet the threshold of at least 10,000 BHP. Major Icebreakers of the World Explanatory Piece Polar Research Vessel (TBD) NB 510 Polar Support Vessel (2019) Smit Sibu (1983) Baltika (2013)